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Reduce bandwidth demands on your APIs by getting only the results you need—all in a single request! The GraphQL query language simplifies interactions with web servers, enabling smarter API queries that can hugely improve the efficiency of data requests. In GraphQL in Action, you’ll learn how to bring those benefits to your own APIs, giving your clients the power to ask for exactly what they need from your server, no more, no less. Practical and example-driven, this book teaches everything you need to get started with GraphQL—from design principles and syntax right through to performance optimization.Provides a great overview to GraphQL. The explanations are clear and the code examples are extremely relevant.
About the Technology
The type-based GraphQL query language solves issues with over- or under-fetching data from an API, providing client apps with a predictable interface for interacting with a server. By organizing data as types and fields, GraphQL gives apps complete control over what they’re requesting, including data format, how much to fetch, and more. The result is faster transfer roundtrips, errors that are easier to spot, and virtually no need for clients to write time-consuming manual parsing code. Language-agnostic, GraphQL can be used with any language and incorporated easily into your existing stack.About the book
In GraphQL in Action, you’ll learn to use GraphQL to simplify interactions with your web servers and improve the performance of your data APIs. Twenty-year web development veteran Samer Buna starts by introducing GraphQL’s unique query-based API paradigm, laying out its unique design concepts and advantages over traditional APIs. From there, you’ll master the GraphQL way of creating APIs for hierarchical data, unlock easy ways to incorporate GraphQL into your existing codebase, and learn how to consume a GraphQL API with queries, mutations, and subscriptions using the GraphQL query language. When you’re done, you’ll have all the skills you need to get started writing and using scalable data APIs with GraphQL. GraphQL is a new paradigm. Are you ready?
Table of Contents takes you straight to the bookdetailed table of contents
Part 1: Exploring GraphQL
1 Introduction to GraphQL
1.1 What is GraphQL
1.1.1 The big picture
1.1.2 GraphQL is a specification
1.1.3 GraphQL is a language
1.1.4 GraphQL is a service
1.2 Why GraphQL
1.2.1 What about REST APIs?
1.2.2 The GraphQL way
1.2.3 REST APIs and GraphQL APIs in action
1.3 GraphQL problems
1.3.1 Security
1.3.2 Caching and optimizing
1.3.3 Learning curve
1.4 Summary
2 Exploring GraphQL APIs
2.1 The GraphiQL editor
2.2 The basics of the GraphQL language
2.2.1 Requests
2.2.2 Fields
2.3 Examples from the GitHub API
2.3.1 Reading data from GitHub
2.3.2 Updating data at GitHub
2.3.3 Introspective queries
2.4 Summary
3 Customizing and organizing GraphQL operations
3.1 Customizing fields with arguments
3.1.1 Identifying a single record to return
3.1.2 Limiting the number of records returned by a list field
3.1.3 Ordering records returned by a list field
3.1.4 Paginating through a list of records
3.1.5 Searching and filtering
3.1.6 Providing input for mutations
3.2 Renaming fields with aliases
3.3 Customizing responses with directives
3.3.1 Variables and input values
3.3.2 The @include directive
3.3.3 The @skip directive
3.3.4 The @deprecated directive
3.4 GraphQL fragments
3.4.1 Why fragments?
3.4.2 Defining and using fragments
3.4.3 Fragments and DRY
3.4.4 Fragments and UI components
3.4.5 Inline fragments for interfaces and unions
3.5 Summary
Part 2: Building GraphQL APIs
4 Designing a GraphQL schema
4.1 Why AZdev
4.2 The API requirements for AZdev
4.2.1 The core types
4.3 Queries
4.3.1 List of latest Task records
4.3.2 Search and the union/interface types
4.3.3 Using an interface type:
4.3.4 The page for one Task record
4.3.5 Entity relationships
4.3.6 The ENUM type
4.3.7 List of scalar values
4.3.8 The page for a user’s own Task records
4.3.9 Authentication and authorization
4.4 Mutations
4.4.1 Mutations input
4.4.2 Deleting a user record
4.4.3 Creating a Task object
4.4.4 Creating and voting on Approach entries
4.5 Subscriptions
4.6 Full schema text
4.7 Designing database models
4.7.1 The User model
4.7.2 The Task/Approach models
4.7.3 The Approach Details model
4.8 Summary
5 Implementing schema resolvers
5.1 Running the development environment
5.1.1 Node.js packages
5.1.2 Environment variables
5.2 Setting up the GraphQL runtime
5.2.1 Creating the schema object
5.2.2 Creating resolver functions
5.2.3 Executing requests
5.3 Communicating over HTTP
5.4 Building a schema using constructor objects
5.4.1 The Query type
5.4.2 Field arguments
5.4.3 Custom object types
5.4.4 Custom errors
5.5 Objects to schema language conversion
5.5.1 The schema language vs the object-based method
5.6 Working with asynchronous functions
5.7 Summary
6 Working with database models and relations
6.1 Running and connecting to databases
6.2 The taskMainList query
6.2.1 Defining object types
6.2.2 The context object
6.2.3 Transforming field names
6.2.4 Transforming field values
6.2.5 Separating interactions with PostgreSQL
6.3 Error reporting
6.4 Resolving relations
6.4.1 Resolving a one-to-one relation
6.4.2 Resolving a one-to-many relation
6.5 Summary
7 Optimizing data fetching
7.1 Caching and batching
7.1.1 The batch loading function
7.1.2 Defining and using a DataLoader instance
7.1.3 The loader for the approachList field
7.2 Single resource fields
7.3 Circular dependencies in GraphQL types
7.3.1 Deep-nested fields attacks
7.4 Using DataLoader with custom IDs for Caching
7.4.1 The taskMainList field
7.4.2 The search field
7.5 Using DataLoader with MongoDB
7.6 Summary
8 Implementing mutations
8.1 The mutators context object
8.2 The Mutation type
8.3 User mutations:
8.3.1 The userCreate mutation
8.3.2 The userLogin mutation
8.4 Authenticating API consumers
8.4.1 The me root query field
8.5 Mutations for the Task model
8.6 Mutations for the Approach model
8.6.1 The approachCreate mutation
8.6.2 The approachVote mutation
8.7 The userDelete mutation
8.8 Summary
Part 3: Using GraphQL APIs
9 Using GraphQL APIs without a client library
9.1 Using a Web UI library
9.2 Running the web server
9.3 Making Ajax requests
9.4 Performing GraphQL query requests
9.4.1 Using GraphQL fragments in UI components
9.4.2 Including variables in requests
9.5 Performing GraphQL mutation requests
9.5.1 The login/signup forms
9.5.2 Handling generic server errors
9.5.3 Authenticating GraphQL requests
9.5.4 The create-task form
9.5.5 The create-approach form
9.5.6 Voting on an Approach
9.6 Performing query requests scoped for a user
9.6.1 The search form
9.7 Next-up
9.8 Summary
10 Using GraphQL APIs with Apollo Client
10.1 Using Apollo Client with JavaScript
10.1.1 Making a query request
10.1.2 Making a mutation request
10.2 Using Apollo Client with React
10.2.1 Using the query and mutate methods directly
10.2.2 Including authentication headers
10.2.3 Using Apollo hook functions
10.2.4 Leveraging the automatic cache
10.2.5 Manually updating the cache
10.2.6 Performing operations conditionally
10.3 Managing local app state
10.4 Implementing and using GraphQL subscriptions
10.4.1 Polling and refetching
10.4.2 Implementing subscriptions
10.4.3 Apollo Server
10.4.4 Using subscriptions in UIs
10.5 Wrap-up
10.6 Summary
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