Node.js in Action, Second Edition
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Node.js in Action, Second Edition is a thoroughly-revised new edition that starts at square one and guides you through all the features, techniques, and concepts you'll need to build production-quality Node applications. To begin, you'll ease into Node development with a simple screen scraping application. Next, you'll walk through some working examples where you'll learn the basics of a few common types of Node applications. As you read, you'll dive into the many different uses of Node: traditional web applications, real-time web applications, non-web network applications, and even desktop applications. Whether you're just getting started with Node or you're looking to expand your skills, you'll appreciate the clear coverage of key concepts such as asynchronous programming, data storage, and output templating, and interact with the filesystem to create non-HTTP applications like TCP/IP servers and command-line tools. This book covers the ongoing development of Node via io.js and the emerging ECMAScript 6 features.
Table of Contents detailed table of contents
Part 1: Introduction
1. Welcome to Node.js
1.1. A typical Node web application
1.1.1. Non-blocking I/O
1.1.2. The event loop
1.2. ECMAScript 6, Node, and V8
1.3. Installing Node
1.4. Node's built-in tools
1.4.1. npm
1.4.2. The core modules
1.4.3. The debugger
1.5. The three main types of Node program
1.5.1. Web applications
1.5.2. Command-line tools and daemons
1.5.3. Desktop applications
1.6. Summary
2. Node programming fundamentals
2.1. Organizing and reusing Node functionality
2.2. Starting a new Node project
2.2.1. Creating modules
2.3. Fine-tuning module creation using module.exports
2.4. Reusing modules using the node_modules folder
2.5. Caveats
2.6. Asynchronous programming techniques
2.7. Handling one-off events with callbacks
2.8. Handling repeating events with event emitters
2.9. Challenges with asynchronous development
2.10. Sequencing asynchronous logic
2.11. When to use serial flow control
2.12. Implementing serial flow control
2.13. Implementing parallel flow control
2.14. Leveraging community tools
2.15. Summary
3. Automating the web with scraping
3.1. What is web scraping?
3.1.1. Uses of web scraping
3.1.2. Required tools
3.2. Basic web scraping with cheerio
3.3. Handling dynamic content with JSDOM
3.4. Making sense of raw data
3.4.1. Extracting unstructured values
3.5. Summary
Part 2: Building web applications
4. What is a Node web application?
4.1. A Node web application’s structure
4.1.1. Starting a new project
4.1.2. Comparison with other platforms
4.1.3. What’s next?
4.2. Building a RESTful web service
4.3. Adding a database
4.3.1. Your own model API
4.3.2. Making articles readable and saving them for later
4.4. Adding a user interface
4.4.1. Supporting multiple formats
4.4.2. Rendering templates
4.4.3. Using npm for client-side dependencies
4.5. Summary
5. Front-end build systems
5.1. An overview of front-end development with Node
5.2. Using npm to run scripts
5.2.1. Custom npm scripts
5.3. Gulp
5.3.1. Adding Gulp to a project
5.3.2. Creating and running gulp tasks
5.3.3. Watching for changes
5.3.4. Using separate files for larger projects
5.4. Webpack
5.4.1. Bundles and plugins
5.4.2. Configuring and running Webpack
5.4.3. Webpack development server
5.4.4. Loading CommonJS modules and assets
5.4.5. Finding loaders and plugins
5.5. Summary
6. Server—side web frameworks
6.1. Personas
6.2. What is a framework?
6.3. Koa
6.3.1. Setting up
6.3.2. Defining routes
6.3.3. REST APIs
6.3.4. Strengths
6.3.5. Weaknesses
6.4. Kraken
6.4.1. Setting up
6.4.2. Defining routes
6.4.3. REST APIs
6.4.4. Strengths
6.4.5. Weaknesses
6.5. Hapi
6.5.1. Setting up
6.5.2. Defining routes
6.5.3. Plugins
6.5.4. REST APIs
6.5.5. Strengths
6.5.6. Weaknesses
6.6. Sails.js
6.6.1. Setting up
6.6.2. Defining routes
6.6.3. REST APIs
6.6.4. Strengths
6.6.5. Weaknesses
6.7. DerbyJS
6.7.1. Setting up
6.7.2. Defining routes
6.7.3. REST APIs
6.7.4. Strengths
6.7.5. Weaknesses
6.8. Flatiron.js
6.8.1. Setting up
6.8.2. Defining routes
6.8.3. REST APIs
6.8.4. Strengths
6.8.5. Weaknesses
6.9. LoopBack
6.9.1. Setting up
6.9.2. Defining routes
6.9.3. REST APIs
6.9.4. Strengths
6.9.5. Weaknesses
6.10. Comparison
6.10.1. HTTP servers and routes
6.11. Writing modular code
6.12. Persona choices
6.13. Summary
7. Connect and Express in depth
7.1. Connect
7.1.1. Setting up a Connect application
7.1.2. How Connect middleware works
7.1.3. Combining middleware
7.1.4. Middleware ordering
7.1.5. Creating configurable middleware
7.1.6. Using error—handling middleware
7.2. Express
7.2.1. Generating the application skeleton
7.2.2. Configuring Express and your application
7.2.3. Rendering views
7.2.4. Express routing 101
7.2.5. Authenticating users
7.2.6. Registering new users
7.2.7. Logging in registered users
7.2.8. User—loading middleware
7.2.9. Creating a public REST API
7.2.10. Enabling content negotiation
7.3. Summary
8. Web application templating
8.1. Using templating to keep code clean
8.1.1. Templating in action
8.2. Templating with Embedded JavaScript
8.2.1. Creating a template
8.2.2. Integrating EJS into your application
8.2.3. Using EJS for client—side applications
8.3. Using the Mustache templating language with Hogan
8.3.1. Creating a template
8.3.2. Mustache tags
8.3.3. Fine-tuning Hogan
8.4. Templating with Jade
8.4.1. Jade basics
8.4.2. Logic in Jade templates
8.4.3. Organizing Jade templates
8.5. Summary
9. Storing application data
9.1. Relational databases
9.2. PostgreSQL
9.2.1. Installation and setup
9.2.2. Creating the database
9.2.3. Connecting to Postgres from Node
9.2.4. Defining tables
9.2.5. Inserting data
9.2.6. Updating data
9.2.7. Querying data
9.3. Knex
9.3.1. Connecting and running queries with Knex
9.3.2. Swapping the database backend
9.4. MySQL vs PostgreSQL
9.5. ACID Guarantees
9.6. NoSQL
9.7. Distributed Databases
9.8. MongoDB
9.8.1. Installation and Setup
9.8.2. Connecting to MongoDB
9.8.3. Inserting documents
9.8.4. Querying
9.8.5. MongoDB identifiers
9.8.6. Replica sets
9.8.7. Write concerns
9.9. Key-value stores
9.10. Redis
9.10.1. Installation and setup
9.10.2. Initialization
9.10.3. Key-value
9.10.4. Keys
9.10.5. Encoding and data types
9.10.6. Hashes
9.10.7. Lists
9.10.8. Sets
9.10.9. Pub-Sub with channels
9.11. Embedded databases
9.12. LevelDB
9.12.1. LevelUP and LevelDOWN
9.12.2. Installation
9.12.3. API overview
9.12.4. Initialization
9.12.5. Key/value encodings
9.12.6. Reading and writing key-value pairs
9.12.7. Pluggable backends
9.12.8. The modular database
9.13. Serialization and deserialization are expensive
9.14. In-browser storage
9.14.1. Web storage: localStorage and sessionStorage
9.14.2. Reading and writing values
9.14.3. localforage
9.14.4. Reading and writing
9.15. Hosted storage
9.15.1. Simple Storage Service (S3)
9.16. Which database?
9.17. Summary
Part 3: Testing and deployment
10. Testing Node applications
10.1. Unit testing
10.1.1. The assert module
10.1.2. Mocha
10.1.3. Vows
10.1.4. Chai
10.1.5. Should.js
10.1.6. Spies and stubs with Sinon.JS
10.2. Functional testing
10.2.1. Selenium
10.3. Dealing with failing tests
10.3.1. Getting more detailed logs
10.3.2. Better stacktraces
10.4. Summary
11. Deploying Node applications and maintaining uptime
11.1. Hosting Node applications
11.1.1. Platform as a Service
11.1.2. Servers
11.1.3. Containers
11.2. Deployment basics
11.2.1. Deploying from a Git repository
11.2.2. Keeping Node running
11.3. Maximizing uptime and performance
11.3.1. Maintaining uptime with Upstart
11.3.2. The cluster API: taking advantage of multiple cores
11.3.3. Hosting static files and proxying
11.4. Summary
Part 4: Beyond web development
12. Writing command-line applications
12.1. Conventions and philosophy
12.2. Introducing parse-json
12.3. Command-line arguments
12.3.1. Parsing command-line arguments
12.3.2. Validating arguments
12.3.3. Passing stdin as a file
12.4. Sharing command-line tools with npm
12.5. Connecting scripts with pipes
12.5.1. Piping data into parse-json
12.5.2. Errors and exit codes
12.5.3. Using pipes in Node
12.5.4. Pipes and command execution order
12.6. Interpreting real-world scripts
12.7. Summary
13. Conquering the desktop with Electron
13.1. Introducing Electron
13.1.1. Electron's stack
13.1.2. Interface design
13.2. Creating an Electron app
13.2.1. The remote module
13.3. Building a full desktop application
13.3.1. Bootstrapping React and Babel
13.4. The React app
13.4.1. Defining the Request component
13.4.2. Defining the Response component
13.4.3. Communicating between React components
13.5. Builds and distribution
13.5.1. Packaging
13.6. Summary
Appendixes
Appendix A: Installing Node
A.1. Installing Node using an installer
A.1.1. The macOS installer
A.1.2. The Windows installer
A.2. Other ways to install Node
A.2.1. Installing Node from source
A.2.2. Installing Node with a package manager
Appendix B: Connect's officially supported middleware
B.1. Middleware for parsing cookies, request bodies, and query strings
B.1.1. cookie-parser: Parse HTTP cookies
B.1.2. Parsing query strings
B.1.3. body-parser: Parse request bodies
B.1.4. compression: Compress outgoing responses
B.2. Middleware that implements core web application functions
B.2.1. morgan: Log requests
B.2.2. serve-favicon: Address bar and bookmark icons
B.2.3. method-override: Fake HTTP methods
B.2.4. vhost: Virtual hosting
B.2.5. express-session: session management
B.3. Middleware that handles web application security
B.3.1. basic-auth: HTTP Basic authentication
B.3.2. csurf: Cross-site request forgery protection
B.3.3. errorhandler: Display errors during development
B.4. Middleware for serving static files
B.4.1. serve-static: Automatically serve files to the browser
B.4.2. serve-index: Generate directory listings
About the Technology
JavaScript on the server? You bet. Node.js is a JavaScript framework that can be used to create scalable, high-performance web applications. Using asynchronous I/O, the server can do more than one thing at a time, a key requirement for real-time apps like chat, games, and live statistics. And since it's JavaScript, you use the same language end to end. There's a lot to learn, though, so let's get started!
What's inside
- How asynchronous programming and the event loop work
- Which community-created extensions to use to avoid re-inventing the wheel
- Application examples including chat, microblogging, and more
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