Java Persistence with Hibernate
Second Edition of Hibernate in Action
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...this book is the ultimate solution. If you are going to use Hibernate in your application, you have no other choice, go rush to the store and get this book.
Java Persistence with Hibernate explores Hibernate by developing an application that ties together hundreds of individual examples. You'll immediately dig into the rich programming model of Hibernate 3.2 and Java Persistence, working through queries, fetching strategies, caching, transactions, conversations, and more. You'll also appreciate the well-illustrated discussion of best practices in database design, object/relational mapping, and optimization techniques.
In this revised edition of Manning's bestselling Hibernate in Action, authors Christian Bauer and Gavin King—the founder of the Hibernate project—cover Hibernate 3.2 in detail along with the EJB 3.0 and Java Persistence 1.0 standards.
The book ends with detailed coverage of JBoss Seam, a revolutionary web application framework for Java EE that builds on EJB 3.0, JavaServer Faces, and Hibernate concepts.
Table of Contents takes you straight to the bookdetailed table of contents
foreword to the revised edition
foreword to the first edition
preface to the revised edition
preface to the first edition
acknowledgments
about this book
about the cover illustration
Part 1 Getting started with Hibernate and EJB 3.0
1. Understanding object/relational persistence
1.1. What is persistence?
1.1.1. Relational databases
1.1.2. Understanding SQL
1.1.3. Using SQL in Java
1.1.4. Persistence in object-oriented applications
1.2. The paradigm mismatch
1.2.1. The problem of granularity
1.2.2. The problem of subtypes
1.2.3. The problem of identity
1.2.4. Problems relating to associations
1.2.5. The problem of data navigation
1.2.6. The cost of the mismatch
1.3. Persistence layers and alternatives
1.3.1. Layered architecture
1.3.2. Hand-coding a persistence layer with SQL/JDBC
1.3.3. Using serialization
1.3.4. Object-oriented database systems
1.3.5. Other options
1.4. Object/relational mapping
1.4.1. What is ORM?
1.4.2. Generic ORM problems
1.4.3. Why ORM?
1.4.4. Introducing Hibernate, EJB3, and JPA
1.5. Summary
2. Starting a project
2.1. Starting a Hibernate project
2.1.1. Selecting a development process
2.1.2. Setting up the project
2.1.3. Hibernate configuration and startup
2.1.4. Running and testing the application
2.2. Starting a Java Persistence project
2.2.1. Using Hibernate Annotations
2.2.2. Using Hibernate EntityManager
2.2.3. Introducing EJB components
2.2.4. Switching to Hibernate interfaces
2.3. Reverse engineering a legacy database
2.3.1. Creating a database configuration
2.3.2. Customizing reverse engineering
2.3.3. Generating Java source code
2.4. Integration with Java EE services
2.4.1. Integration with JTA
2.4.2. JNDI-bound SessionFactory
2.4.3. JMX service deployment
2.5. Summary
3. Domain models and metadata
3.1. The CaveatEmptor application
3.1.1. Analyzing the business domain
3.1.2. The CaveatEmptor domain model
3.2. Implementing the domain model
3.2.1. Addressing leakage of concerns
3.2.2. Transparent and automated persistence
3.2.3. Writing POJOs and persistent entity classes
3.2.4. Implementing POJO associations
3.2.5. Adding logic to accessor methods
3.3. Object/relational mapping metadata
3.3.1. Metadata in XML
3.3.2. Annotation-based metadata
3.3.3. Using XDoclet
3.3.4. Handling global metadata
3.3.5. Manipulating metadata at runtime
3.4. Alternative entity representation
3.4.1. Creating dynamic applications
3.4.2. Representing data in XML
3.5. Summary
Part 2 Mapping concepts and strategies
4. Mapping persistent classes
4.1. Understanding entities and value types
4.1.1. Fine-grained domain models
4.1.2. Defining the concept
4.1.3. Identifying entities and value types
4.2. Mapping entities with identity
4.2.1. Understanding Java identity and equality
4.2.2. Handling database identity
4.2.3. Database primary keys
4.3. Class mapping options
4.3.1. Dynamic SQL generation
4.3.2. Making an entity immutable
4.3.3. Naming entities for querying
4.3.4. Declaring a package name
4.3.5. Quoting SQL identifiers
4.3.6. Implementing naming conventions
4.4. Fine-grained models and mappings
4.4.1. Mapping basic properties
4.4.2. Mapping components
4.5. Summary
5. Inheritance and custom types
5.1. Mapping class inheritance
5.1.1. Table per concrete class with implicit polymorphism
5.1.2. Table per concrete class with unions
5.1.3. Table per class hierarchy
5.1.4. Table per subclass
5.1.5. Mixing inheritance strategies
5.1.6. Choosing a strategy
5.2. The Hibernate type system
5.2.1. Recapitulating entity and value types
5.2.2. Built-in mapping types
5.2.3. Using mapping types
5.3. Creating custom mapping types
5.3.1. Considering custom mapping types
5.3.2. The extension points
5.3.3. The case for custom mapping types
5.3.4. Creating a UserType
5.3.5. Creating a CompositeUserType
5.3.6. Parameterizing custom types
5.3.7. Mapping enumerations
5.4. Summary
6. Mapping collections and entity associations
6.1. Sets, bags, lists, and maps of value types
6.1.1. Selecting a collection interface
6.1.2. Mapping a set
6.1.3. Mapping an identifier bag
6.1.4. Mapping a list
6.1.5. Mapping a map
6.1.6. Sorted and ordered collections
6.2. Collections of components
6.2.1. Writing the component class
6.2.2. Mapping the collection
6.2.3. Enabling bidirectional navigation
6.2.4. Avoiding not-null columns
6.3. Mapping collections with annotations
6.3.1. Basic collection mapping
6.3.2. Sorted and ordered collections
6.3.3. Mapping a collection of embedded objects
6.4. Mapping a parent/children relationship
6.4.1. Multiplicity
6.4.2. The simplest possible association
6.4.3. Making the association bidirectional
6.4.4. Cascading object state
6.5. Summary
7. Advanced entity association mappings
7.1. Single-valued entity associations
7.1.1. Shared primary key associations
7.1.2. One-to-one foreign key associations
7.1.3. Mapping with a join table
7.2. Many-valued entity associations
7.2.1. One-to-many associations
7.2.2. Many-to-many associations
7.2.3. Adding columns to join tables
7.2.4. Mapping maps
7.3. Polymorphic associations
7.3.1. Polymorphic many-to-one associations
7.3.2. Polymorphic collections
7.3.3. Polymorphic associations to unions
7.3.4. Polymorphic table per concrete class
7.4. Summary
8. Legacy databases and custom SQL
8.1. Integrating legacy databases
8.1.1. Handling primary keys
8.1.2. Arbitrary join conditions with formulas
8.1.3. Joining arbitrary tables
8.1.4. Working with triggers
8.2. Customizing SQL
8.2.1. Writing custom CRUD statements
8.2.2. Integrating stored procedures and functions
8.3. Improving schema DDL
8.3.1. Custom SQL names and datatypes
8.3.2. Ensuring data consistency
8.3.3. Adding domains and column constraints
8.3.4. Table-level constraints
8.3.5. Database constraints
8.3.6. Creating indexes
8.3.7. Adding auxiliary DDL
8.4. Summary
Part 3 Conversational object processing
9. Working with objects
9.1. The persistence lifecycle
9.1.1. Object states
9.1.2. The persistence context
9.2. Object identity and equality
9.2.1. Introducing conversations
9.2.2. The scope of object identity
9.2.3. The identity of detached objects
9.2.4. Extending a persistence context
9.3. The Hibernate interfaces
9.3.1. Storing and loading objects
9.3.2. Working with detached objects
9.3.3. Managing the persistence context
9.4. The Java Persistence API
9.4.1. Storing and loading objects
9.4.2. Working with detached entity instances
9.5. Using Java Persistence in EJB components
9.5.1. Injecting an EntityManager
9.5.2. Looking up an EntityManager
9.5.3. Accessing an EntityManagerFactory
9.6. Summary
10. Transactions and concurrency
10.1. Transaction essentials
10.1.1. Database and system transactions
10.1.2. Transactions in a Hibernate application
10.1.3. Transactions with Java Persistence
10.2. Controlling concurrent access
10.2.1. Understanding database-level concurrency
10.2.2. Optimistic concurrency control
10.2.3. Obtaining additional isolation guarantees
10.3. Nontransactional data access
10.3.1. Debunking autocommit myths
10.3.2. Working nontransactionally with Hibernate
10.3.3. Optional transactions with JTA
10.4. Summary
11. Implementing conversations
11.1. Propagating the Hibernate Session
11.1.1. The use case for Session propagation
11.1.2. Propagation through thread-local
11.1.3. Propagation with JTA
11.1.4. Propagation with EJBs
11.2. Conversations with Hibernate
11.2.1. Providing conversational guarantees
11.2.2. Conversations with detached objects
11.2.3. Extending a Session for a conversation
11.3. Conversations with JPA
11.3.1. Persistence context propagation in Java SE
11.3.2. Merging detached objects in conversations
11.3.3. Extending the persistence context in Java SE
11.4. Conversations with EJB 3.0
11.4.1. Context propagation with EJBs
11.4.2. Extended persistence contexts with EJBs
11.5. Summary
12. Modifying objects efficiently
12.1. Transitive persistence
12.1.1. Persistence by reachability
12.1.2. Applying cascading to associations
12.1.3. Working with transitive state
12.1.4. Transitive associations with JPA
12.2. Bulk and batch operations
12.2.1. Bulk statements with HQL and JPA QL
12.2.2. Processing with batches
12.2.3. Using a stateless Session
12.3. Data filtering and interception
12.3.1. Dynamic data filters
12.3.2. Intercepting Hibernate events
12.3.3. The core event system
12.3.4. Entity listeners and callbacks
12.4. Summary
13. Optimizing fetching and caching
13.1. Defining the global fetch plan
13.1.1. The object-retrieval options
13.1.2. The lazy default fetch plan
13.1.3. Understanding proxies
13.1.4. Disabling proxy generation
13.1.5. Eager loading of associations and collections
13.1.6. Lazy loading with interception
13.2. Selecting a fetch strategy
13.2.1. Prefetching data in batches
13.2.2. Prefetching collections with subselects
13.2.3. Eager fetching with joins
13.2.4. Optimizing fetching for secondary tables
13.2.5. Optimization guidelines
13.3. Caching fundamentals
13.3.1. Caching strategies and scopes
13.3.2. The Hibernate cache architecture
13.4. Caching in practice
13.4.1. Selecting a concurrency control strategy
13.4.2. Understanding cache regions
13.4.3. Setting up a local cache provider
13.4.4. Setting up a replicated cache
13.4.5. Controlling the second-level cache
13.5. Summary
14. Querying with HQL and JPA QL
14.1. Creating and running queries
14.1.1. Preparing a query
14.1.2. Executing a query
14.1.3. Using named queries
14.2. Basic HQL and JPA QL queries
14.2.1. Selection
14.2.2. Restriction
14.2.3. Projection
14.3. Joins, reporting queries, and subselects
14.3.1. Joining relations and associations
14.3.2. Reporting queries
14.3.3. Using subselects
14.4. Summary
15. Advanced query options
15.1. Querying with criteria and example
15.1.1. Basic criteria queries
15.1.2. Joins and dynamic fetching
15.1.3. Projection and report queries
15.1.4. Query by example
15.2. Using native SQL queries
15.2.1. Automatic resultset handling
15.2.2. Retrieving scalar values
15.2.3. Native SQL in Java Persistence
15.3. Filtering collections
15.4. Caching query results
15.4.1. Enabling the query result cache
15.4.2. Understanding the query cache
15.4.3. When to use the query cache
15.4.4. Natural identifier cache lookups
15.5. Summary
16. Creating and testing layered applications
16.1. Hibernate in a web application
16.1.1. Introducing the use case
16.1.2. Writing a controller
16.1.3. The Open Session in View pattern
16.1.4. Designing smart domain models
16.2. Creating a persistence layer
16.2.1. A generic data-access object pattern
16.2.2. Implementing the generic CRUD interface
16.2.3. Implementing entity DAOs
16.2.4. Using data-access objects
16.3. Introducing the Command pattern
16.3.1. The basic interfaces
16.3.2. Executing command objects
16.3.3. Variations of the Command pattern
16.4. Designing applications with EJB 3.0
16.4.1. Implementing a conversation with stateful beans
16.4.2. Writing DAOs with EJBs
16.4.3. Utilizing dependency injection
16.5. Testing
16.5.1. Understanding different kinds of tests
16.5.2. Introducing TestNG
16.5.3. Testing the persistence layer
16.5.4. Considering performance benchmarks
16.6. Summary
17. Introducing JBoss Seam
17.1. The Java EE 5.0 programming model
17.1.1. Considering JavaServer Faces
17.1.2. Considering EJB 3.0
17.1.3. Writing a web application with JSF and EJB 3.0
17.1.4. Analyzing the application
17.2. Improving the application with Seam
17.2.1. Configuring Seam
17.2.2. Binding pages to stateful Seam components
17.2.3. Analyzing the Seam application
17.3. Understanding contextual components
17.3.1. Writing the login page
17.3.2. Creating the components
17.3.3. Aliasing contextual variables
17.3.4. Completing the login/logout feature
17.4. Validating user input
17.4.1. Introducing Hibernate Validator
17.4.2. Creating the registration page
17.4.3. Internationalization with Seam
17.5. Simplifying persistence with Seam
17.5.1. Implementing a conversation
17.5.2. Letting Seam manage the persistence context
17.6. Summary
Appendix A: SQL fundamentals
Appendix B: Mapping quick reference
references
index
About the Technology
Persistence—the ability of data to outlive an instance of a program—is central to modern applications. Hibernate, the most popular Java persistence tool, provides automatic and transparent object/relational mapping so it's a snap to work with SQL databases in Java applications. Hibernate conforms to the new EJB 3.0 and Java Persistence 1.0 standards.
What's inside
- O/R mapping concepts
- Get started with Hibernate and Java Persistence
- Efficient database application design
- Comprehensive Hibernate and Java Persistence reference
- Unmatched breadth and depth
About the authors
Christian Bauer is a member of the Hibernate developer team and a trainer, consultant, and product manager for Hibernate, EJB 3.0, and JBoss Seam at JBoss.
Gavin King, a lead developer at JBoss, is the founder of the Hibernate project, and a member of the EJB 3.0 (JSR 220) expert group. He also leads the Web Beans JSR 299, a standardization effort involving Hibernate concepts, JSF, and EJB 3.0.
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