Index

Abstract Syntax Notation (ASN) 287
Access Control Function (ACF) 22
accounting strategies 176, 186, 222--223
Ada 247
ADABAS 364
adaptors 86, 105
Advanced Computing Environment (ACE) 161
Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN) 70--71, 73, 84
Advanced Program-to-Program Communication (APPC) 69--70
aggregation 245, 253
AIX 14, 24, 108, 153, 304
AIXstation 57
alliances 161
Alpha 99, 101, 109, 113, 298--300
Alphastation 57
Amber 169
America Online 75
Andrew File System 131, 165
Apollo NCS 82, 85, 165, 301
Apple 296. See also Macintosh.
     A/UX 297
     bridging personal computers 56
     group server 59
     OCCA 298
     OpenDoc 169, 251, 297
     personal computer 55
     repositioning for market 15
     running DOS applications 105
AppleTalk 68, 77, 362
AppleWorks 297
application development 167--168, 238--239
application program interface (API) 78, 105, 261, 279
AppWare 15, 307
architecture 38--41, 315--317
     hardware 47--48, 54--62
     limiting software environment 98--99
     scale 63, 100
ASCE dialogue 79
AS/400
     DCE 165
     evolution 304
     object based 242
     server 36, 60
     user profiles 22, 350
Asset Management Offering 302
asymmetrical multiprocessor 48
Asynchronous Protocol Specification (APS) 168
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) 90--91
AT&T Global 50, 297--298
audio 261
authentication 22, 350
authorization 22, 349--350
Automatic Priority Grouping (APG) 366
A/UX 297

baseware 7, 11, 13, 18, 96
batch processing 109
benchmarking 53--54, 177, 278
benefits 216--217
Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) 108, 163
beta test 34
bipolar technology 17, 320
B-ISDN 90--91
BiSynchronous 337
bridges 341--342
broadband communications 18
Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network 90--91
browsing 75, 251, 277
bundling 12, 14, 95, 115, 182
bus 324--327

C++ language 247--248, 275, 367
caching 129, 133, 317, 326
CASE tools 25, 35, 188--190, 235--237, 301, 357
CCITT 156
CCOM 67
CD-ROM 55, 63, 262, 329
cell 145, 265
cell relay 89, 339
centralized computing 17, 176, 195--202
change management 285
change strategy 28--37
Chorus kernel 354, 356
CICS
     directory 267
     evolution 304
     as middleware 13
     OS/2 96, 305
     security 364
     transaction management 278--279, 365
CISC 48, 315--316, 323
Cisco 67
classifications, security 350--351
client/server 16, 30, 136--138
     distributed file systems 130--132
     stubs 140
     system model 125--126
     technology 137--138
     Unix in 110
clusters 139, 145, 308--309
CMOS technology 17, 320
COBOL 37, 187--189, 235
COBOL++ 248, 250, 367
CODASYL 364
Common Application Environment (CAE) 162
Common Desktop Environment (CDE) 22, 261
Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP) 252, 286, 287
Common Management Information Services Element (CMISE) 287
Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) 166, 251, 252, 301
Common Object Services Specification (COSS) 252
Common Open Software Environment (COSE) 103--104, 111, 165, 252, 261, 299, 301, 303
Common Programming Interface for Communications (CPI-C) 23, 79--80, 84, 298, 303
Common User Access (CUA) 22, 261
Communication Management International Protocol 24
communications 332--333
     AppleWorks 297
     ATM 90--91
     broadband 18
     cross-system 84
     fast packet 89
     Internet 73--76
     ISDN 90
     messaging 82
     MVS 365
     protocols and interfaces 333--335
     technologies for 23
     Unix 357
     wide area 76
Compaq 59
compatibility 111
compensators 86
Component Integration Lab (CIL) 169
Component Object Model (COM) 253
CompuServe 75
Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) 25, 35, 188--190, 235--237, 301, 357
concentrators 342
configuration management 285
consistency, system 128
Consultative Committee for International Telephony and Telegraphy (CCITT) 156
conversations 78--80
coprocessor 48
cost
     accounting 176
     of acquiring new skills 192--195
     analysis 42--43, 186, 210
     of being wrong 223--224
     of change 16, 31--32, 174
     of computational power 52--53
     elements of 174, 212
     of hardware 175
     mainframe 61--62
     of migration 88, 103, 186--187
     per MIPS 52--53, 54
     overrides 223
     of ownership 9, 42--43, 53, 195--203
     payback 19--20
     of personal computers 55--56
     of portability 88
     of servers 58--60
     of software 182, 187--190, 229--230, 235
     of staffing 203
     of storage 53
     systems management 288
     per transaction 54
     workstation 56
     of worst case result 218--219
cross-licensing 160, 168

data 269--270. See also data base.
     entity--relation 243, 246, 270--274
     file systems 351
     inheritance 242--246, 253
     instances 242--246, 270
     model in MVS 364--365
     objects 239--252, 273--274
     relations 242--246, 270--274
data base
     asset management 272
     CASE tools 236
     data models 269--270
     distribution 134
     extraction 127--129
     heterogeneous 169--170
     MVS 364
     object-oriented 274--276
     ODBC 170, 306
     partitioning 127--129
     relational 95, 132, 351
     remote access 253
     replication 128--129
     and transaction processing 280
     Unix 110
data farm 140, 181, 328
datagram services 74, 81
data hiding 239--240
data superhighway 67
data warehouse 23, 128, 170, 276--277, 309
DB2 13, 14, 364
DEC 8, 298--300
     mpp1200 49
     OSF/1 24, 164, 300
     PCs 299
     porting VMS to Alpha 99, 101
     straddling layers 14
     VAX 299
     Windows NT 299--300
decentralized computing 41--42, 195--197, 202--205
DECmail 299
DECmessage 299
DECnet. See Digital Network Architecture.
decomposition 133
de facto standards 159--166
de jure standards 153--159
Delphi 168, 248, 253
delphi process 217, 219
departmental server 17, 47, 59--60, 126
depreciation period 56, 62
Desk Top Management Task Force (DTMF) 292
destabilizing change 19
Destiny 110
development toolkit 138
dhrystones 54
dialogues 78--80
Digital Network Architecture (DNA) 71, 335
     OSI implementation 68
     protocol suite 23
     and SNA gateways 70, 72
     structure 72
digital video 18
directory services 264--269
     client/server 140
     global 23, 165, 265
     naming convention 265--266
     integrated software 95--96
     interfaces 266
     remote mounting 267--268
     RPC 81
     white pages 264, 265
     yellow pages 130, 264, 265
Directory Services Interface 266
distributed computing 18, 120--122. See also client/server and open systems.
     data 23, 127--129, 169--170
     degrees of distribution 134
     elements 127--135
     file systems 130--132
     relational data base 132
     software 132--133
     transaction processing 280
Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) 164, 165
     AT&T Global 298
     DEC as source of elements 299
     DFS 131
     RPC 81, 85
Distributed File System (DFS) 131, 165
Distributed Management Environment (DME) 164, 286
Distributed Object Management Facility (DOMF) 252, 301
Distributed Storage Manager 292
Distributed System Object Model (DSOM) 251
docking station 58
document exchange 16, 70, 168--169
Document Interchange Architecture (DIA) 70
downsizing 54, 55, 122, 177
DRAM 323, 326
Dynix/ptx 308

ECL technology 17
ECMA 157, 167
economic framework 210--215
economy of scale 51--52
EDA/SQL 276, 301, 309
EISA bus 324
Electronic Mail Association (EMA) 168
e-mail 168--169, 299, 303
embedding applications 133, 253
emulation 104, 105, 317
encapsulation 239--240
Encina 280
Encompass 252, 293
encryption 22, 350
end user interface (EUI) 260--261
enterprise computing 16, 55, 78, 107
enterprise servers 60
     in client/server 126
     Hewlett-Packard 302
     as machine class 17, 47
     Sequent 308
Enterprise Systems Architecture (ESA) 365
entity--relation data model 243, 246, 270--274
Epoch 292
ES/9000 60
ESPRIT 157
Ethernet 340
extraction 127--129, 170, 276

fast packet technology 89
fault tolerance 59
file systems 130--132, 351, 355, 358
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) 74
fine-grained multiprocessor 49
floating-point operations 48, 57
frame relay 89, 339
FrameWorks 300
Fujitsu 61

GaAs technology 320
gateway 70, 72, 76, 77, 86--88, 342
Gemstone 275
generality, software 96
GF-11 49
GGP 76
Global Directory Service 165, 265
GOSIP 166
Government OSI Profile 166
granularity 123, 126--127
graphical user interface (GUI) 260--261
group server 17, 47, 58--59, 126
Guide Development Management Objects (GDMO) 272, 286
Gupta 23

hardware
     bus 324--327
     costs 175
     layer elements 6--7
     memory 323, 325, 326
     multimedia technology 261--262
     network 340
     RAID 304, 327, 329
     storage 327--330
     system 322--330
     technology 18--19, 318--322
Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) 358
HDLC 337
heterogeneous systems 148--150, 169
Hewlett-Packard 300--302
     Intelligent Warehouse 277
     MPE/ix 36, 165, 301
     OpenView 283
     RPC of DCE 81--82
     straddling layers 14
Hierarchical Storage Manager 363
Hitachi 61
home server 145
host-centric computing 123
HP 3000 60
HP 9000 36, 60
HP-UX 24, 108, 301--302

IBM 302--305
     AIX 14, 24
     CUA 261
     disaffection with Microsoft 100, 326
     Distributed Storage Manager 292
     GF-11 49
     history 8
     LAN Manager/Server 77
     Lotus acquisition 303
     Micro Channel bus 324, 327
     MQI 80
     MVS migration 98--99
     NetBEUI 76
     Office Vision 169
     OSF/1 164
     SAA 153
     straddling layers 14
     SystemView 283, 284--285
     VSE 91, 278
IBM 390 32, 39, 164, 304, 362
IEEE 157--159, 340
industrial strength 41, 42, 63, 69, 143, 278, 288, 349
Information Highway 75
Information Systems Management Association (ISMA) 286, 287
Information Technology
     architecture 38--41
     benefits 216--217
     decision-making 203--206
     economics 210--215
     managing technology 20--21
     risk 218--223
     software development strategy 229--232
     systems management 282--285
     technologies required 22--25
Informix 23, 95, 253, 309
Ingres 23, 170
inheritance 242--246, 253
instances 242--246, 270
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) 90
integration, network 84--89
integration, software 95, 103--106, 132, 293
Intel 49, 315
Intelligent Warehouse 277
Interbase 253
Interface Definition Language (IDL) 165, 301
interfaces
     APPC 69--70
     communications 334--335
     COSE 103--104
     CPI-C 79--80
     GUI 260--261
     network APIs 78--84
     and portability 88
     program development tools 167
     program interaction model 78
     protocol independent 80, 84--85
     in system architecture 39
     to TCP/IP 74
     user 257--264
     VUE 301
International Standards Organization (ISO) 23, 68, 153--157, 166
International Telecommunications Union (ITU) 156
Internet 73--76
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) 75
Internet Protocol (IP) 74
interoperability
     client/server 137
     constraints 87
     layer 7 168--169
     networks 85--87
     objects 239
     in open computing 18
     protocol integration 84
     sharing data 149--150
     and systems management 289--292
     techniques 153
     Windows 306
investment 172--174, 210--215
     accounting strategies 176
     decision-making 203--206
     in legacy systems 208
     return on 218
     risks 218--223
     in skills 192--195
     for system efficiency 135--136
     using statistics 219--221, 224--225
ISA bus 324
ISDN 90

Job Control Language (JCL) 363
Job Entry Subsystem (JES) 363

Kaleida 262
Karat 252, 293
Kerberos 165, 350, 364
knowledge-based technology 249

LAN. See local area network.
LAN Manager 77
LAN Server 77
laptop computer 55, 58, 112
legacy systems 32
     decisions for future 19
     IT investment 208
     layer 7 interoperability 169
     vs. microcomputers 52--53
     transaction processing 278
Legato 292
libraries 138
local area network (LAN)
     DECnet 71--72
     Ethernet 340
     IEEE standards 159
     NetBIOS 77
     NetWare 77
     SNA 69--71
     token ring 340
     VINES 78
     vs. WANs 67, 87--89
Lock Manager 130
logging-on 350
Logical Unit 6.2 69--71
look and feel 22, 104--106, 257--264, 293
Lotus Notes 169
lower CASE 235
LU 2.1 71
LU 6.2 69--71, 79

Macintosh
     as baseware 13
     interface for Apple Unix 105
     Microsoft applications 306
     multimedia extensions 262
     System 7 24, 105
     user interface 22, 259
mail 168--169, 299, 303
Mail API (MAPI) 168
mainframe 60--62
     accounting strategy 186
     availability 42
     client/server software 35
     cost per MIPS 52--53
     data farm 328
     development 37
     industrial strength 349
     migration cost to new technology 186--187
     mission-critical computing 42
     per-user costs 43
     strategic use 34--36
maintenance, software 187--190, 235
Management Information Base (MIB) 272, 286
Management Information Tree (MIT) 272, 286
managing technology 19--21
marketing 13--15, 107--111
massively parallel systems 49
math coprocessor 48
memory 323, 325, 326
memory management 347--348, 356--357, 366
Message Queuing Interface (MQI) 23, 81, 303
messaging 78, 80--81, 82, 168, 334
metrics 53--54, 57
metropolitan area network (MAN) 342--343
Micro Channel bus 324, 327
Microsoft 305--306. See also Windows, Windows 95, and Windows NT.
     break up 306
     disaffection with IBM 100, 326
     integrating software 14
     NetBEUI 76
     OLE 169, 243, 246, 253
     SMS 283
     SNA connection 70
     XAPI 261
middleware 7, 11, 13, 18
migration 18, 103, 186--187
MIMD 49--50
mission-critical computing 42
MME 262
modems 342
Motif 22, 105, 158, 165
MPE/ix 36, 165, 301
MS-DOS 24, 111, 361
multicomputer 48
Multics 17
multidimensional warehouse 128
multimedia 16, 55, 90, 261, 263
multiple-instruction multiple-data 49--50
multiprocessing 48, 102--103
MUSIC 167
MVE 91
MVS 362--367
     as baseware 13
     DCE 165
     evolution 304
     history 39
     industrial strength 42
     limited by 3x0 base 98--99
     networking 91
     recovery 366
     running in VM 105
     scheduling tasks 366
     security 364
MVS Open Edition 37, 41

NCR. See AT&T Global.
NetBEUI 76, 77, 81
NetBIOS 77, 138
NetWare 24, 77, 307
     DCE 165
     directory 23, 264, 269
     industrial strength 42
     scalability 101
     systems management 283
     and Unix 307
     and Windows NT AS 362
NetWare Directory System 269
network 340
     architectures 68--71
     ATM 90--91
     convergence 87--89
     integration 84--89
     interfaces 78--84
     LAN/WAN 67, 87--89
     layer 3 (OSI) 337
     LU 6.2 69--70
     OpenView 283, 291, 301
     recovery 349
     size 127
     SNA 69--71
     technology 67--68
     Windows NT 361--362
Network Application Support (NAS) 299
Network Blueprint 304, 365
Network Control Program (NCP) 71, 73, 365
Network File System (NFS) 74, 81, 130--131
Network Information Services (NIS) 264
New Technology File System (NTFS) 358
Newton 297
NeXT 22
Notes (Lotus) 169, 303
Novell 307--308. See also NetWare and Unix Systems Laboratories.
     Destiny 110
     file server 132
     repositioning for market 15
     SNA connection 70

Object Database Management Group (ODMG) 275
Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) 169, 243, 246, 253
Object Management Group (OMG) 165--166, 252
object-oriented data base 274--276
Object-Oriented Database Management Systems (OODMS) 275--276
objects 239--252, 273--274, 367
ObjectStore 275
OCCA 298
ODAPI 170
ODBC 170, 306
Office Vision 169
OMNIPoint 286
On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) 276, 309
On-Line Transaction Processing (OLTP) 108, 278, 301, 309
OpenDoc 169, 251, 297
Open Distributed Processing (ODP) 157
OPEN LOOK 22, 105, 110, 158
openness 96
Open Network Computing (ONC)
     directory 23, 269
     NFS 130--131, 310
     NIS 264
     RPC 81, 85
OpenODB 275
Open Software Foundation (OSF) 82, 163--165
     DCE RPC 81
     as proprietary Unix 108
     transaction processing 280
open systems 150--153
     directory 264--265, 267--269
     higher-layer standards 167--170
     IEEE standards 157--159
     ISO standards 153--157
     objects 251--252
     OMG 165--166
     OSF 163--165
     profiles 166--167
     Unix 358
     X/Open 161--162
Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) 335
     DECnet structure 72
     higher-layer standards 167--170
     layer 7 74, 339
     model structure 336--340
     SNA implementation 69
     WAN protocols 68
     X.700 285--286
OpenView 283, 291, 301
OpenVision 292
operating system. See also MVS, OS/2, Unix, and Windows.
     memory usage 347--348
     MS-DOS 24, 111, 361
     program management 346
     recovery 348--349
     security 349--351
     storage 347--348
     threads 346
     VM 91, 105, 165, 304
     VMS 36, 60, 99, 101, 299--300
     VMS/Open 96, 165
     workload management 348
operations management 285
optical storage 18
Oracle 13, 14, 23, 95, 253, 301, 309
OS/2 304--305
     as baseware 13
     CUA 261
     DCE 165
     emulates Windows 105
     generality 96
     look and feel 22
     multimedia extensions 262
     Presentation Manager 261
     scalability 101
     Warp 24, 304
OSF/1 24, 108, 164, 300, 351

packets 337, 339
paradigms of computing 16--19
parallel computer 49
PA-RISC 302
partitioned system 175--176, 179
partitioning 127--129, 132
Pathworks 72, 300
payback 19, 212--214, 231
PBX 88
PCI bus 324
PCMCIA bus 324
Pentium 315
performance 52--54, 57, 177, 323
personal computer 55--56
personal server 17, 47
personnel 192--195, 197, 198, 200--205
physical unit (PU) 71
pipeline 317, 318
Polycenter 283
portability 88, 101
     CPI-C 80
     of elements 39
     layer 7 168--169
     minimizing costs 16
     in open computing 18
     protocol integration 84
     of software environments 97
     Unix 111
     Windows NT 100
     X/Open Portability Guide 162, 163
porting code 161
POSIX 157, 158--159, 165, 299, 361
PowerBuilder 248
PowerPC
     Apple commitment 297
     challenging Intel 315
     machines 55, 57
     as new generation mainframe 37
     as platform 109, 113
price/performance ratio 51
pricing 95, 97, 114--116, 176, 182
probability 219--221
problem management 285
processes 346--347, 355--356
Prodigy 75
production functions 210--211
productivity 216--217, 229, 263--264
profiles 166--167
program decomposition 133
programming 229--235
     Ada 247
     AppWare 307
     C++ 247--248, 275, 367
     CASE tools 25, 35, 188--190, 235--237, 301, 357
     COBOL 37, 187--189, 235
     COBOL++ 248, 250, 367
     maintenance 187--189, 235
     objects 239--252
     Rapid Application Development 253--254
     Smalltalk 246--247, 251
     user interface 259--260
     visual object tools 248, 253
Programming Common Tools Environment (PCTE) 167
Proliant (Compaq) 59
protocols
     communications 333--340
     enterprise 39
     framework in WANs 68
     integration 84
     Internet 73--76
P6 316, 321--322
Physical Unit (PU) 71

Quickdraw 297
QuickTime 297

RAID 304, 327, 329, 361
Rapid Application Development 253--254
Rdb 299
recovery
     in client/server 140
     as distributed resource 134
     in group servers 59
     in industrial strength systems 42
     in operating systems 348--349, 366
     in transaction processing 279--280
reintegration 139--140
Relational Data Architecture (RDA) 170
relations 242--246, 270--274
remote execution 74, 81
Remote Operations Service Entity (ROSE) 287
Remote Procedure Call (RPC) 23, 74, 81--84, 85, 165
replication 127--129, 133
Request For Technology (RFT) 164
Resource Access Control Facility (RACF) 22, 350, 363
Resource Management Facility (RMF) 363
resources, distributed
     data 127--129, 132, 269--277
     file systems 130--132
     recovery 134
resource sharing 149--150
return on investment 218
REXX 74, 81
rightsizing 54, 55, 126
RISC 48, 59, 60, 99, 316
risk 218--223
routers 338, 342
Routing Update Protocol (RTP) 78
RS/6000 36, 60

salaries 197, 198
Santa Cruz Operation (SCO) Open Desktop 108--109
scalability
     of architecture 47, 315
     of baseware 96
     minimizing costs 16
     in open computing 18
     in Unix and Windows 113
SCO Open Desktop 108--109
SDLC 337
security 349--350
     authentication 22, 350
     authorization 22, 349--350
     classifications 350--351
     client/server 140
     in industrial strength systems 42
     Kerberos 165, 350, 364
     as key technology 22
     in MVS 364
semantics 23
Sequenced Packet Exchange/Internet Packet Exchange (SPX/IPX) 23, 68, 76, 84, 138
Sequenced Packet Protocol (SPP) 78
Sequent Computing 308--309
server 36. See also departmental server, enterprise server, and group server.
     grouping services 142
      home 145
     industrial strength 42
     operations management 285
     relations between 144--145
     types 58--60
session 338
sharing data 149--150
shell, Unix 353--354
SIMD 49--50
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) 74, 169
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) 24, 74, 287--288
single-instruction multiple-data 49--50
skew 220
skills, workers' 193--195, 198, 202
Smalltalk 246--247, 251, 301
SMB 78
SMS 283
Sockets 74, 81, 82, 356, 362
Softbench 301
software
     development 187, 229--235
     functions 8
     from hardware advances 18--19
     maintenance 187--189, 235
     objects 239--252
     pricing 95, 97, 114--116
     value 8
Solaris 105, 110, 311
SPARC 310, 316
SPARCstation 57
specialized engine 50
Spec 1170 111, 160
SPEC measurements 53
SQL 270, 275, 276, 298, 351
SQL Access Group (SAG) 160, 170
SQL Server 253
SRAM 323
stability 42
stack crossover 86
standards
     APPC 69--70
     CMIP 252, 286
     CORBA 166
     CUA 261
     data base 275
     de facto 159--163
     de jure 153--159
     developing 154--155, 159--161
     DME 164, 286
     DS1 through DS3 90
     GDMO 272, 286
     IDL 165, 301
     IEEE 157--159
     ISO 153--157
     MIT 272, 286
     ODMG 275
     OMG 165--166
     open computing 151--152
     OpenDoc 169
     OSF 163--165
     OSI 68
     Spec 1170 111, 160
     Top Hat 159, 298
     Tuxedo 159, 279
     Unix 360
     user interface 259
     X.25 77
     X.400 157, 168
     X.500 23, 157, 168, 265, 269
     X.700 157, 285--286
     X/Open 161--162, 261
     XAPI 261
start/stop 337
statistics 219--221, 224--225
Steering Committee for Windowing User Interfaces (SCWUI) 159
storage 18, 42, 53, 327--330
straddle layers 14
strategy, change 28--37, 41--43
Streams 81, 356, 362
StreetTalk 78, 264, 269
Structure of Management Information (SMI) 286
structure of system 6--7, 10--11, 14, 19
stubs 83--84, 138, 140
Sun Microsystems 81, 165, 310--311
SunNet Manager 291, 293, 301, 311
SunOS 108, 311
Switched Multimegabit Data Services (SMDS) 343
Sybase 13, 14, 23, 95, 168, 253, 309
symmetrical multiprocessor 48
Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP) 100, 102--103, 301, 361
Symmetry (Sequent) 48, 308
synchronization 42, 90, 102--103, 165, 279
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy 91
Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) 91
SynOptics 14
syntax 23
System Object Model (SOM) 251, 252
systems administration 145
Systems Application Architecture (SAA) 153
System Services Control Point (SSCP) 71
systems management 282--285
     applications 292
     elements 286--287
     framework 283
     managing personal computers 292
     MVS 366
     network management 283
     requirements 289--290
Systems Network Architecture (SNA) 23, 68--71, 335
Systems Resource Manager (SRM) 366
SystemView 283, 284--285

technology
     access 22
     CASE 25, 35, 188--190, 235--237, 301
     communications 23
     for distributed computing 22--25
     hardware 318--322
     semiconductor 320
     for software development 230
     systems management 24
Telephony API (TAPI) 168
TelNet 74
Teradata Data Engine 50, 298
Thinking Machine 50
threads 346
Time Sharing Option (TSO) 363
token ring 340
Top End 279
Top Hat 159, 298
tower structure 14
transaction 278
     complexity levels 179--180, 278
     engine 42
     management 278--279
     processing 278--280
Transaction Processing Council 54, 179--180, 278
Transaction Remote Procedure Call (TRPC) 165
transactions per second 53
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) 73--76
     client/server 138
     as communications standard 37
     NetWare support 77
     network protocol 23
     OSI compliant 68
     protocol independence 84
     as Unix communications technology 357
transparency 122
transport, message 338
T2.1 73
Tuxedo 159, 279
typing 240, 273

ULTRIX 299--300
uniprocessor 48
UniSQL 275
Universal Naming Convention (UNC) 265, 269
Unix 24, 108--111, 352--358. See also AIX, HP-UX, and OSF/1.
     A/UX 297
     AT&T Global 298
     BSD 108, 163
     COSE 103--104
     directory 264, 352
     Dynix/ptx 308
     file system 355
     FTP 74
     kernel 354, 356
     market 107, 108--111
     NFS 130--131
     OSF 82, 163--165
     POSIX 157, 158--159, 165, 299
     processes 355--356
     remote mounting 267--268
     running DOS Merge 105
     scalability 101
     on servers 36
     shell 353--354
     SMTP 74, 169
     SNMP 24, 74, 287--288
     software costs 182
     Spec 1170 111, 160
     TCP/IP 73--76
     types 108--111
     variations 24
     Xenix 163
Unix Access List 22, 350
Unix International 161, 165
Unix Named Pipes 80
Unix Systems Laboratories (USL) 108, 161, 163, 307, 352
UnixWare 307
upper CASE 235
upperware 7--9, 11, 13, 18
upsizing 123, 177
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) 74, 76, 85, 130, 357
user interfaces 257--264

value of system 31, 215
variance 220
VAX 299
Versant 275
video, digital 18
VINES 76, 78
VIP 78
virtual memory 347
Virtual Storage Access Method (VSAM) 364
Virtual Telecommunications Access Method (VTAM) 71, 73, 363, 365
virus 76
Visual C++ 248
visualizing data 258
VM 91, 105, 165, 304
VMS 36, 60, 99, 101, 299--300
VMS/Open 96, 165
VSE 91, 278
VUE 301

WAN. See wide area network.
Wellfleet 14, 67, 88
whetstones 54
white pages 264, 265
wide area network (WAN) 67--70, 78, 87--89
Windows 306
     as baseware 13
     interoperability 306
     look and feel 22
     in market 111--112
     MME 262
     multimedia extensions 262
     product line 111--112
     SPX/IPX support 77, 306
     TCP/IP support 306
     vs. Unix 110
     variations 24
Windows Application Binary Interface (Wabi) 104, 105, 311
Windows At Work 114
Windows for Workgroups 112
Windows 95 105, 113--114, 306
Windows NT 112--113, 358--362
     AT&T Global 298
     DCE 165
     DEC support 299--300
     global directory 23
     industrial strength 42
     networking 361--362
     portability 100
     scalability 101
     on servers 36
Windows NT Advanced Server 113, 361
Windows On Windows (WOW) 361
WinServer 36, 60, 309
Win32 105, 361
WordPerfect 14, 169
workload 100--101, 127, 179--181, 348, 366
workstation 56--58
Worldwide Web 75
WORM 329, 330

X.25 77, 338, 339
X.400 157, 168
X.500 23, 157, 168, 265, 269
X.700 157, 285--286
X/Open Consortium 24, 85, 161--162, 286
X/Open Portability Guide 162, 163
XAPI 261
XAPIA 168
Xenix 163
XMN 286
XPG/4 163, 299, 301
X Windows 22, 261, 262, 364

YACC 357
yellow pages 130, 264, 265