Index
A
abstract classes 104
accessor methods
adding logic to 73
class attribute access with 383
command pattern 318
POJO 68
public visibility 359
syntax 319
validation and 73
ACID properties 322
action servlets, writing 298
aggregate functions 272
aggregations 93, 272, 380
aliases 251, 262
AndroMDA 349
ANSI SQL
joins 380
standards 162
Ant task 356, 363?364, 375
APIs (application programming interfaces)
Auditable 341
BusinessException 310
CompositeUserType 206
Configuration 39
Criteria. See Criteria APIs
FetchMode 260?261
FlushMode 160
IdentifierGenerator 41
Interceptor 158, 343?347
Lifecycle 40
LockMode 166
MatchMode 255
persistence manager 126
PropertyAccessor 80
Query. See Query APIs
Session. See Session API
SessionFactory. See SessionFactory API
Transaction 39, 158?160
Type 40
UserType 203?205, 337?338
Validatable 40
application transactions
avoiding reassociations with new sessions 325
choosing implementation approach 329
defined 168, 322
demarcating beginning of 327
description 156
ensuring clean Hibernate sessions 327
flushing changes to the database 328
granularity of 172
handling concurrent 168
Hibernate session closing 326
implementing the hard way 322?323
use case 321
using detached objects 324
using long sessions 325?326
ways to implement in Hibernate applications 320
applications
architecture 296
cache systems and legacy 178
client/server 41
content management-type 178
enterprise 120
financial 178
functionality requirements 155
increasing response time of 311
layered, design of 295?320
legacy 250
nonexclusive access scenarios 178
persistence layers, interaction with 115
persistent state 115
scalability 161
servlet-based 311
web 120
association classes 225
association tables 149, 226, 366
association-level cascade style 133
associations
bidirectional 108
defined 220
ensuring full initialization 300
fetching 260?261
foreign key 221?222
joining 258?261
lazy fetching 301, 386
link tables 14
management of 105
many-to-many 13, 71,
225?231, 366?367
many-to-one 13, 107, 234?235
associations (continued)
mapping 133, 220?235
mapping for lazy initialization 286
multiplicity 106
one-to-many 13, 69, 108,
231?232
one-to-one 14, 220?223
in POJOs 69?71
polymorphic 105, 234?235, 237?238
primary key 223?224
proxying many-valued 386
recursive 62
ternary 230
unidirectional 107, 232
atomicity 155, 322
attribute-oriented programming 372?376
attributes
accessing persistent 383
columns as 379
embedding in source code with XDoclet 350
index mapping 354
inverse 109?110
XML mapping 354
audit logging 340?341
Auditable API 341
AuditLogRecord class 341
authorization check access 383
auto commit mode 157
automated persistence 65
B
bag collections 212, 226, 228, 231
batch fetching 145, 148, 287
BLOB 199
BMP (bean-managed persistence) 20
bottom-up development 350
buffers, servlet 305
buildtime source processing 385
business domains 61
business keys 124
business layers 17, 36
business logic
domain models 6
migrating into domain models 306
moving to the placeBid() method 310
separation from control logic 305
tiers of, separating from
web tiers 312
business methods 8, 67
business models 61
business rules 296
business transactions 168
by value equality 123
bytecode processing 385
C
cache management 119
cache miss 176
cache providers 184?185, 187
cache regions 187
caching
caution 182
cluster setup 189?194
concurrency and 177, 183
eviction 181
eviction policies 188
first-level 178, 180
local setup 187
maintaining consistency across clusters 298
methods used for lookups 334
object identity and 176
performance with 175
policies 182, 185
queries 176, 180, 290?291
reference data 179
second-level 178?180, 182, 193
setting up replicated 189?194
transaction isolation and 164, 178?179
types of 176, 178
candidate keys 90
Cartesian products 267,
379?380
cascade attribute 110
cascade styles 133, 138
cascade, all-delete-orphan 112
cascading persistence 133
CGLIB (code generation library) project 386
classes
abstract 104
association 225
attribute access 383
authorization check access 383
caching and 182
coarse-grained 196
component, writing 217
DTO 311
entity 196
external state representation 383
finder 360
fine-grained 196
helper 18, 296
internal state representation 383
modified property values validation 383
parallel hierarchy 312
persistence capability 115
persistent 31, 306
table per concrete 97?98
tables per hierarchy 99?100
utility 18, 296
value type 196
classpath 47
clauses, rules governing 274
client/server applications 41
CLOB 199
cluster scope cache 176?178
clustered operations 178
cluster-safe design 298
CMP (container managed persistence) 20
CMR (container-managed relationship) 70, 106
CMT (container-managed transactions) 49, 157, 159
coarse-grained services 313
code smells 312
CodeGenerator 350
collection caches 186
collection states 123
collection wrappers 148, 150
collections
bag 212, 226, 228, 231
columns, avoiding not-null 219
component 217?220,
229?230
fetching 261
fetching strategies for
147?148
filtering 279?280
indexed 232
list 213, 228
map 214
nonindexed 231
ordered 215?216
persistent 215
polymorphic 236?237
set 211
sorted 215
value-type, mapping 211?220
columns, avoiding not-null 219
command handlers 316
command line tool execution 363
comparison operators 253?254
components
collections of 217?221,
229?230
unidirectional 96
composite keys 92, 330?335
CompositeUserType API
206?208
composition 93
concern leakage 65
concurrency control 161
concurrency strategies 183?184
concurrency, reducing 311
concurrent data access 161, 167
concurrent requests, problems with 328
Configuration API 39, 42
Configuration class 42
configurations
overriding 52
startup 42
with properties 45
with XML files 51
container-managed persistence (CMP) 20
container-managed relationship (CMR) 70, 106
container-managed transactions (CMT) 49, 157, 159
control logic 305
converters 202
CORBA transaction service 158
correlated subqueries 282
createAlias() method 264
createCriteria() method 263
createQuery() method 243
createSQLQuery() method 243
Criteria APIs
comparison operators
253?254
defined 39
FetchMode 260
implicit joins 266?267
logical operators 256
MatchMode 255
method-chaining 244
nesting 263
polymorphic queries 252
purpose of 243
QBC and 242
QBE and 278
report queries 269
restrictions 252
results ordering 257
SQL function calls and 255
string matching 255
theta-style joins 268
where clause and 254
Criterion framework 142
cross joins, SQL 380
cross-cutting concerns 16, 64
CRUD (create, read, update, delete) 2
automation vs hand-coding 2
Hibernate APIs 36
persistence manager API and 126
custom mapping types 202
D
DAO (Data Access Object) 18
data
externalization 312
import and export 389
unsafe 391
data access objects (DAOs)
automatic generation 360
command patterns and 319
database transaction sharing 309
encapsulating persistence code with 307
Hibernate session sharing 309
data definition language (DDL), SQL 379
data language 379
data manipulation language (DML), SQL 379
data transfer objects (DTOs) 21, 311?312
data transfer, DTOs and 313
database identifier equality 123
database identifier property 123
database identity 32, 88
persistent instances and 117
relationship with Java equality 122
relationship with Java identity 119
database management systems 6
schemas for SQL-based 351
database schemas, SQL 357
database transactions 127
atomic 156
auto commit mode 157
DAOs and 309
declaring boundaries of 158
exception handling 159
flushing the Session state 160
granularity of 172
JDBC API 157
JDBC connection release 159
JTA 157
managed environments 159
manager 157
non-managed environments 159
opening ad hoc 301
overview 156
roll backs 159, 163
transaction demarcation 156
databases
JDBC communication with 158
legacy schemas 174
lock tables 172
relational 3
triggers for 339?340
datasources 48
daylight savings and automatic versioning 390
DDL (data definition language), SQL 351, 379
DDL schemas
Ant task and generation of 356
creating with hbm2ddl
355?360
generation prerequisite 352
generation tool for 351
mapping metadata for 352
ORM reproduction from 351
tools for 350
delete() method 118, 130
deletion, SQL 380
detached instances
distinguishing from transient instances 138?139
making transient 130
selective reassociation of 121
updating persistent states of 127
detached lifecycle states 196
detached objects
defined 118
reusing references to 121
updating 127
detachment operation, Hibernate 119
development processes
AndroMDA 349
bottom-up 350
meeting in the middle 350
middle-out 350
questions 389
roundtripping 351
tools for 349
top-down 350
dirty checking 35, 74, 383?384
dirty read transaction issue 162
disconnect() method 325, 327
DML (data manipulation language), SQL 379
document type definition 35
domain models
creating smart 306
defined 61
implementing 64?75, 196, 202
instances, working with 323
integration of 305?306
mapping to given schemas 350
migrating business logic into 306
reproduction from DDL schemas 351
typesafe 387
unit testing and 64
web tier communication with 312
DTD 76
DTO 21, 311?312
dumb data-holding objects 306
Dynabeans 391
E
eager fetching 145, 147?148, 261
EHCache 184
EJB command patterns 316?320
EJB containers 311?320
EJB session beans. See session beans (EJB)
EJBs (Enterprise Java Beans)
development noise 316
entity beans 20
entities
binding persistent 247
database-level 197
defined 196
hidden 197
lifecycles of 93, 196
root 243, 264
software-system relevant 61
value types compared to 93
entity associations, mapping 374
entity beans
bean-managed persistence (BMP) 20
code generation 364
container-managed persistence (CMP) 20
DTOs and 20, 311
POJOs compared to 67
systems that use 311
entity type systems 196
enumeration 209?211
environments
infrastructure requirements 295
managed 41, 48
non-managed 42, 45
equality 122
equals() 87
equals()/hashCode() method 122, 125, 334, 359
evict() method 119
exception handling 159, 303, 305
exceptions, wrapped 316
expiry policies 187
expressions, SQL 253, 381
F
failures
accessing databases 296
application infrastructure 315
business rule 315
request checks 296
fetching strategies
collections and 147?148
default association 146
eager 261
fetch depth 149
global 149
lazy 261
object retrieval 140, 143?144
runtime association 262
selecting in mappings
146?150
types of 143?144
filters, servlet 304, 314
finder attribute 361
finder class 360
finder methods 360?362
fine-grained interprocess calls 313
fine-grained object models 92
flushing 160
FlushMode API 160
foreign key associations
221?222
foreign keys 268
from clauses 252, 280?281
G
get() method 140
getNamedQuery() method 249
getSession() method 314
getSessionFactory() method 314
getter methods 73?75, 125
group by clauses 273
grouping, SQL 380
H
hashCode() method 122, 125, 334
having clauses 274
hbm2ddl (SchemaExport)
configuration options 355
DDL schema generation with 351, 355?357
global control of 356
location of 352
mapping metadata preparation 352
middle-out development with 350
running 352
top-down development with 350
uses of 351
XML mapping attributes for 354
hbm2java (CodeGenerator)
annotated Java class generation with 351
bottom-up development with 350
config option 363
configuration file for 362
customizability 358
finder method generation 360
meta-attributes and 359?360
Middlegen generation of meta-attributes for 370
middle-out development with 350
output option 363
POJO persistent class generation with 350, 358
renderers of 362
running 363
uses for 358
Hello World 31
helper classes 18, 296
Hibern8IDE application 250
Hibernate
as an open source project 389
Q & A 389?394
uses of 295
Hibernate extensions package 352
Hibernate Query Language (HQL) 139, 141, 242
HibernateUtil class 296, 327, 362
Hibernator plugin 250
hot standbys 192
HQL (Hibernate Query Language) 141
aggregation, using 272
aliases 251
aliases and joins 262?265
collection filters 279?281
comparison operators
253?254
complex queries 250
defined 139
distinct results, getting 271
dynamic instantiation 271
eager fetching 261
expressing queries with 242
fetch join and 260?261
grouping 273
implicit joins 265
keywords, writing 251
logical operators 256
polymorphic queries 251
projection 270?271
restricting groups with having 274
restrictions 252
results ordering 257
SQL function calls and 255, 272
string matching 255
subqueries 281
theta-style joins 267
where clause and 254
HttpSession 38
I
identifier attribute 32
identifier property 33
IdentifierGenerator API 41, 91
identity scopes 119
identity, database 32
ignoreCase() method 278
immediate fetching 144
inconvenient column type 337
index mapping attribute 354
indexed collections 232
inheritance
generated code 384
mapping 97
initialization
ensuring full 300
lazy 300
insertions, SQL 379
inspection, ORM 384
instance variables, accessing 383
instances
detached 124, 138?139
equality of 124
mixing 122
nontransactional 117
persistent 124
transient 138?139
value-typed 197
instantiation, dynamic 271
interception 65, 384?385
Interceptor API 40, 343?345
interceptor patterns 314
Interceptor, Hibernate persistence 295
interfaces. See APIs (application programming interfaces)
inverse attribute 109
isolation
levels 161?163, 165
isolation, transaction
by locking 161
cache providers and 189
caching and 178?179
description 161
levels 161?163, 165
permissible phenomena for 162
using multiversion concurrency control 161
iterate() method 245, 289
J
Java Beans
constructor 68
decoupling persistent representations 383
DTOs as 311
POJOs 67?68
Java BluePrints (Sun) 307
Java equality 122
Java Management Extensions (JMX) 55
Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI). See JNDI
Java object identity 119
Java Transaction API. See JTA (Java Transaction API)
Java type systems 197
Java-based architecture 295
JavaBeans
constructor 68
POJOs and 67
JBoss 56, 295
JBossCache 184, 189?190, 192
JCA 295
JDBC (Java Database Connectivity)
abstraction of functionality 37
communication with databases 158
connection pool 45
connection release from transactions 159
connections, changing the default isolation levels for 165
marking transaction boundaries with APIs 157
persistent objects and 127
RowSet 6
SQL and 5
statement interface 16
JDBC Connections 325
JDBC drivers 246
JDBCTransactionFactory 49
JMX (Java Management Extensions) 55, 295
JNDI (Java Naming and Directory Interface)
Hibernate integration with 295
J2EE applications and 37
SessionFactory binding 53
with Tomcat 54
join conditions 258, 380
joins
ANSI-style 258
cross 380
fetch 260?261
from clause and 259
implicit 259, 265
inner 258
means of expressing 259
outer 258
overview 258
relational 379
table 258
theta-style 259, 267, 380
using aliases with 262
where clause and 259
JTA (Java Transaction API)
CMTs and 157
distributed transactions and 157
Hibernate integration with 295
K
keys
composite 333?338
foreign 221?222, 268
natural/primary 90?92,
331?332
surrogate 91
keywords 251
L
latency 311
layered architecture 17
layers
application 295
business 36
initializing 150?151
persistence 36
presentation 17
separating business and presentation 296
lazy associations
access detection 383
fetching 384
lazy fetching 144, 146?147,
301, 386
lazy initialization 300
LazyInitializationException 300, 329
leakage of concerns 65
legacy applications 250
legacy data 330?342
legacy database schemas
changes needed 330
composite key mapping
333?338
integrating database triggers with 339?340
Middlegen and 364?371
natural key mapping 331?332
optimistic locking and 174
problems with 330
required changes 331
libraries, Hibernate 319, 375, 393
Lifecycle API 40
lifecycle states 196
link tables 14, 149, 226
list collections 213, 228
list() method 244, 289
load() method 140
lock tables 172
lock() method 128, 324
locking
default strategy 165
isolation by 161
optimistic 169?172, 174
pessimistic 165, 171
LockMode API 166?167
locks held in memory, avoiding 177
Log4j 55
logging
discussion 54
with Log4j 55
logic
adding to accessor methods 73?74
business. See business logic
control 305
pageflow 305
ternary 253?254
logical operators 256
long Session 173, 325
long transactions 168
lost update transaction issue 162
M
many-to-many associations
bidirectional 71, 227?228
component collections used for 229?230
mappings 197, 225?232
restricting with Middlegen 366?367
tables 197
unidirectional 225
many-to-one associations 107, 234, 266?267
map collections 214
mapping
at runtime 86
basic properties and class
78?84
bidirectional many-to-many 227?228
column name 78
component collection 217
composite key 333?338
entity class 197
file name 78
formula 79
immutable properties 80
inheritance 97
legacy columns 337?338
log record 341
many-to-many association 197, 225?232
metadata 75?76
metamodels 202
natural key 331?332
object/relational 75
one-to-many association
231?232
one-to-one association
220?224
package name 83
synthetic identifier 332
ternary association 230
unidirectional many-to-many 225?226
unidirectional one-to-many 232
mapping files, Hibernate 250, 350, 372?376
mapping metadata
automatic generation from existing schemas 364
DDL generation and 352
generation customization with Middlegen 368?371
preparation of 352?353
XDoclet generation 372
mapping types, Hibernate
basic 198, 200
built-in 198
custom, creating 202
date and time 199
enumerated 209?211
Java primitive 198
JDK 200
large objects 199
string 197
system 196
using 200?201
mass operations 181
mass updates 181
MatchMode API 255
MBean 56
memory exhaustion, preventing 181
meta-attributes
adding to POJO source code 358
description 371
generation of hbm2java-specific 370
global 362
Xdoclet reading of 372
metadata 75
See also mapping metadata
metamodels 86, 202
method chaining 42, 244
methods
accessor 8, 32, 318, 359, 383
business 8, 67
finder 360?361
getter 74?75, 125
parameter-binding 245?246
setter 74?75
Middlegen
bottom-up development and 350
database metadata mapping with 364
declaring many-to-many associations in 366?367
graphic modification of options 366?369
GUI 364
hbm2java-specific meta-attribute generation 370
Hibernate plugin for 370
legacy database schemas and 364?371
mapping document creation with 351
mapping generation options 368?370
metadata graphical customization 368
starting with Ant 364
models
business 61
domain. See domain models
object 61, 92
multi-layered architecture 296
multiplicity association 106
multiversion concurrency control 161
MVC (Model/View/Controller) 298, 305
MySQL 389
N
n+1 selects problem 15, 286, 301?305
named queries 249
natural key mapping 331?332
natural keys 90
navigation
bidirectional 218
object graph 139, 300
unidirectional 225?226
NIH (Not Invented Here) syndrome 19
nonstrict-read-write concurrency strategy 183
non-transactional instances 117
not-null columns, avoiding 219
null values, testing for 254
O
Object Data Management Group (ODMG) 21
object equality 87
object graphs
navigating 139, 300
retrieving 115, 143?144
object identity
caching and 176
definition 11
object equality compared to 87
scope of 119?120, 172
object models
created from business models 61
fine-grained 92
object retrieval
by identifier and 139?140
fetching strategies 140,
143?144
Hibernate Criteria API and 140, 142
HQL and 139, 141
native SQL queries and 140
object graph navigation 139
operation tuning 151
optimizing 286?293
QBC and 142
QBE and 143
techniques, list of 139
with Session 129
object states
detached 118
detection of, change in 383
persistent 117
transient 116
types of 116
object/relational mapping (ORM)
as middleware 23
defined 22
development processes
349?351
full solutions 179
generic problems 25
implementations 116, 118, 383?387
levels 24
maintainability 27
metadata format of 75
object-level locking and 177
overview 23
performance 28
persistence lifecycles and 116
problems in 143
productivity 27
reproduction from DDL schemas 351
triggers combined with 339
vendor independence 28
object/relational mismatches 115
object-oriented database systems (OODBMS) 21
objects
dereferenced 116
lifecycles 115
mapping 22
persistence 115
reattachment 121
retrieval. See object retrieval
states 116
synchronization of 392
transient. See transient objects
types of 93
one-to-many associations 69?71, 108, 231
one-to-one associations
220?224, 266?270
onFlushDirty() method 344
onSave() method 344?345
OpenSymphony OSCache 184
operations, mass 181
operators
comparison 253?254
logical 256
optimistic locking 169?170, 174
order by clauses 257
ordering, SQL 380
ORM. See object/relational mapping (ORM)
outer-join loading 145
P
pageflow logic 305
pagination 243
paradigm mismatch
cost 15
defined 7
entity associations 13
granularity 9
graph navigation 14
identity 11
inheritance 10
subtypes 10
parallel class hierarchies smells 312
parameters
binding 245?250
named 246
positional 247
parent/child relationships 111
persistence
automated 65
by reachability 131
context 300
defined 3
determining type needed 64
object-oriented 5
transparent 65
Persistence code 307
persistence layers
caching used by 176
finders and 360
handcoding with SQL/JDBC 18?19
implementation of persistence by reachability 131
metadata-driven applications and 387
object/relational, performance of 175
Persistence code isolation in 307
persistence libraries 319
persistence lifecycles 116, 131
persistence manager (Session)
APIs 126
database transactions compared to 120
identical object guarantee 120
persistent state applications and 116
responsibility 115
retrieving persistent objects 129
persistence manager interfaces 66
persistence-related code 295
persistent attributes, accessing 383
persistent classes 31, 123
persistent instances
association with persistence manager 117
caches in sessions 325
defined 117
new 117
primary key value 117
reassociation 118
sources of 117
synchronization with database 117
transactional 117
updating databases 117
persistent lifecycle states 196
persistent objects
defined 117
making transient 129
retrieving. See object retrieval
serializing graphs of, to XML files 389
updating 129
pessimistic locking 165?166, 171
phantom read transaction issue 162
POJOs (Plain Old Java Objects)
accessor methods 68
adding meta-attributes to code 358?359
associations, implementing 69?70
command patterns 316
DTOs as 311
Java Beans 66?68
making serializable 311
persistent class generation 349?350,
358?364
writing 67?68
polymorphic associations 11, 105, 234?235, 237?238
polymorphic collections
236?237
polymorphic queries 251
polymorphism
mapping 234
overview 11
postFlush() method 344
prepared statements 28
presentation layers 17
primary key associations 223
primary keys 90, 268, 390
process scope cache 176?178
process-scoped identity 118?119
projections, SQL 379?380
property values, persistent 383
PropertyAccessor API 80
proxies
for classes 146
from load() methods 140
initialization of 150
lazy fetching and 146, 386
push mechanism, automatic 393
Q
Q & A
accessing databases live 389
daylight savings and automatic versioning 391
impact of large tables 390
libraries needed on clients 393
MySQL table locking 389
primary keys, importance of 390
resuming Hibernate 394
synchronization 392
using Dynabeans 391
QBC (query by criteria) 142, 242
QBE (query by example) 143, 242, 278
quantification 282, 381
queries
advanced techniques 276?285
basic operations of 380
building with string manipulations 276
by example 276
caching 290?291
comparisons between keys 268
complex 242
complex criteria 257
database-specific hints 242
dynamic 276?277
expressing with QBC 242
expressing with QBE 242
externalizing strings to mapping metadata 249
identifier value comparisons with 268
iterating results 245, 289
listing results 244
named 249
native SQL 283?284
nested 381
object reference comparisons with 268
object-oriented 242
optimizing 250
paginating results of 243
parameter binding 245
polymorphic 251
porting to mapping files 250
QBE and dynamic 278
reports 269
restrictions 252
results caching 176, 180
results ordering 257
root entities of criteria 243
simplest 250
storing 249
using aliases 251
using enumerated types in 210
ways of expressing in Hibernate 242
Query APIs
binding arbitrary arguments with 247
creating a new instance of 243
defined 39
externalization of persistence concerns to 66
iterate() method and 289
list() method and 289
method-chaining 244
purpose of 243
testing 250
query by criteria (QBC) 142, 242
query by example (QBE) 143, 242
query executions 126
R
read committed isolation level 162, 164
read uncommitted isolation level 162?163
read-only concurrency strategy 183
read-write concurrency strategy 183
reconnect() method 325, 327
recursive associations 62
reference data 179
reference to a detached object 121
referential integrity, guaranteeing 132
reflection 385
reflective systems 385
Registry pattern 53
relational data models 4, 15, 379
relational databases 3
relational joins 379
relational operations 379
relationship tables 149
relationships, managed 70
repeatable read isolation level 162, 164
report queries
aggregation 272
defined 269
grouping 273
improving performances with 275
projection 270?271
restricting groups with having 274
restriction criterion, SQL 381
restrictions 252, 379?380
RMI (Remote Method Invocation) 19
rollback 117, 159, 163
root entity (criteria queries) 243, 264
roundtrip development 351
runtime bytecode generation 386
runtime reflection 385
S
save() method 117, 127
saveOrUpdate() method 325
scaffolding code 69
SchemaExport 350
schemas
database 350
database management systems for SQL-based 351
DDL 351
existing 350, 364
legacy database 364
mapping domain models to given 350
Middlegen and legacy database 364?371
SchemaUpdate 357
scope of object identity 119
searches
case-insensitive 255
string-based 255
wildcard 255
second lost updates problem transaction issue 162
security, session beans and 313
select clauses
calling aggregate functions in 273
calling SQL functions from 272
changing results with 267
elements of results 271
grouping and 273
implicit joins and 259
projection and 270
rules governing 274
subqueries 281
using aliases in 263
selective reassociation of detached instances. 121
serializable isolation level 162, 164
serialization 19
servlet engines 296
servlets
filters 304, 314
MVC writing approach 298
simple action 298
Session API
as first-level cache 180
closing 159
database synchronization
with a 159
disconnect 174
flexible scope of a 172
flushing the 160
granularity of a 172?173
kinds of state contained in 325
long 173, 325?328
obtaining new instances of 296?310
opening 304
persistence manager. See persistence manager (Session)
relationship with transactions 172?173
scope 172
serializability of 173
SessionFactory API compared to 38
thread-local 300?306, 325
session beans (EJB)
command handlers 316
session fa?ades 313
stateless 316?317
session cache 180
session fa?ade 65
session fa?ade patterns 311, 313?316, 320
SessionFactory API
as MBean 56
creation of 42, 126
initialization 296
metamodel 87
Session API compared to 38
statelessness of 298
storage of 297
session-per-application-transaction 173
session-per-request 173
session-per-request-with-detached-objects 173
set collections 211
setter method 74?75
shotgun change smells 312
single point associations 146
smells, code 312
sorted collections 215?216
source-code
generation 349, 358?365
processing 385
SQL (structured query language)
aggregate functions 272
aggregations 380
built-in types 9
Cartesian products 380
DDL 379
delete 380
DML 379
expressing queries with 242
expressions 381
generation, enabling dynamic 118
grouping 380
inner joins 258
insertions 379
JDBC and 5
join conditions 380
joins 258, 380
keywords, writing 251
logging 51
ordering 380
outer joins 259
passthrough 283?284
prepared statements 28
projections 380
quantification 381
queries 380
query hints 242
querying 380
relational data models 379
relational operations 4
restriction criterion 381
restrictions 380
schemas 83
statements 118
subselects 79, 281, 381
table creation and management 379
table prefix 81
updates 379
user-defined types (UDT) 9
SQL data type systems 197
SQL database schemas 357
SQL statements
execution, timing of 127
startup, Hibernate 47, 77
state charts 116
static imports (JDK 1.5) 253, 257
stored procedures 6
strategy patterns 306
string matching 255
structured query language.
See SQL (structured query language)
Struts 295
subclasses, tables and 101?103
subgraphs
controlling detachment of 119
propagating persistence to 131
subqueries 281?282
subselects 281, 381
surrogate keys 91
SwarmCache 184
Swing 295
synchronization 392
system transactions 156
T
table per class hierarchy 99?100
table per concrete class 97?98, 237?238
table per subclass 101?102
table prefix, SQL 81
tables
as entities 197
audit logs 340?347
impact of large 390
mapping with composite keys 333?338
mapping with natural keys 331?332
relationship 149
restricting 366?367
SQL creation and management of 379
ternary associations 230
ternary logic 253?254
theta-style joins 259, 267, 380
thread-local sessions 300, 309
tiers 311?312
timestamp cache 292
timestamp datatype 391
Tomcat 296
toolset, Hibernate
hbm2ddl. See hbm2ddl (SchemaExport)
hbm2java. See hbm2java (CodeGenerator)
reversability of 351
SchemaUpdate 357
source and output artifacts 349
top-down development 350, 371
Transaction API 39, 158?160
transaction manager 157
transaction scope cache 176, 178
transactional concurrency strategy 183
transactional write-behind 36
transaction-level cache management 126
transactions
ACID criteria 155
ACID properties 322
ad hoc 301
application. See application transactions
coarse-grained 167
commits 159, 305
consistency of 155
control 126
database. See database transactions
defined 155, 322
demarcation 156
durability of 155
EJB declarative 313
fine-grained 167
isolation behavior 155
isolation of concurrent.
See isolation, transaction
lost update issue 162
management 158
Session API relationship with 172?173
transaction-scoped identity 119, 177, 392
transient instances 138?139
transient lifecycle states 196
transient objects
defined 116
making persistent 126
transitioning to persistent objects 116
transitive persistence 131
transparent persistence 65
transparent transactional write behind 118, 160
triggers
database 339?340
transition 116
troubleshooting. See Q & A
try/catch blocks 305
tuples 379, 390
Type API 40
type systems 196?197
typesafe enumeration 208?210
U
UDT (user-defined types) 9
UML 61
unique constraint 354
uniqueResult() method 253
unit testing 64
units of work 155
unrepeatable read transaction issue 162
unsafe data 391
unsaved-value attribute 138?139
update() method 128, 324
updates, mass 181
updates, SQL 379
user transactions 168
user-defined types (UDT) 9
UserType API 203, 337?338
utility classes 18, 296
V
Validatable API 40
validation
accessor methods and 73
true data 78
value type systems 196
version checks 323
versioning
combining with first-level session cache 164
daylight savings and automatic 391
legacy model 174
managed 169?171
W
web tiers
communication with domain models 312
separation from business logic tiers 312
where clauses
arithmetic expression support by 254
calling SQL functions in 255
evaluating expressions with 253
expressing restrictions with 252
restricting rows with 274
subqueries in 281
wrapped exceptions 316
X
XDoclet
embedded attributes in source code 350
generation 372
Hibernate and 376
mapping file generation
372?376
mapping file regeneration 351
metadata generation 371
overview 84?85
running 375
uses 376
XML
databinding 389
metadata and 43, 75, 352